<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
	"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">
<head>
	<title>ESTETIKA MINANGKABAU DALAM GERAK TARI BUJANG SAMBILAN | Efrida | Ekspresi Seni</title>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
	<meta name="description" content="ESTETIKA MINANGKABAU DALAM GERAK TARI BUJANG SAMBILAN" />
			<meta name="keywords" content="Bujang Sambilan; Tari Mancak; Silat" />
	
	
	<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" />

	<meta name="DC.Contributor.Sponsor" xml:lang="en" content=""/>
	<meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Efrida Efrida"/>
	<meta name="DC.Date.created" scheme="ISO8601" content="2016-07-31"/>
	<meta name="DC.Date.dateSubmitted" scheme="ISO8601" content="2017-07-31"/>
	<meta name="DC.Date.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2017-04-29"/>
	<meta name="DC.Date.modified" scheme="ISO8601" content="2017-07-31"/>
	<meta name="DC.Description" xml:lang="en" content="Seni tari adalah ungkapan nilai. Sesuatu dikatakan bernilai karena berguna dalam kehidupan.Seni tari selalu menarik untuk dibicarakan bukan hanya keindahannya, melainkan karena hubungannya dengan kehidupan masyarakat tempat seni itu ada. Tari Bujang Sambilandi Minangkabau merupakan sarana untuk menghibur. Cerita yang disampaikan lebih mengarah pada cerita yang dimunculkan kemudian. Tari Bujang Sambilan merupakan pengembangan dari tari mancak yang dikenal masyarakat Minangkabau yang dikembangkan dari gerak silat Gunuang atau silat Tuo. Tari Bujang Sambilan memakai penari selalu genap dan dalam pengembangannya bisa berjumlah empat atau enam orang penari.  "/>
	<meta name="DC.Format" scheme="IMT" content="application/pdf"/>
	<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="84"/>
	<meta name="DC.Identifier.pageNumber" content="62-77"/>
												<meta name="DC.Identifier.DOI" content="10.26887/ekse.v18i1.84"/>
		<meta name="DC.Identifier.URI" content="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/article/view/84"/>
	<meta name="DC.Language" scheme="ISO639-1" content="en"/>
	<meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright (c) 2016 Ekspresi Seni" />
	<meta name="DC.Rights" content=""/>
	<meta name="DC.Source" content="Ekspresi Seni"/>
	<meta name="DC.Source.ISSN" content="2580-2208"/>
	<meta name="DC.Source.Issue" content="1"/>	<meta name="DC.Source.URI" content="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi"/>
	<meta name="DC.Source.Volume" content="18"/>						<meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Bujang Sambilan"/>
								<meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Tari Mancak"/>
								<meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Silat"/>
				<meta name="DC.Title" content="ESTETIKA MINANGKABAU DALAM GERAK TARI BUJANG SAMBILAN"/>
		<meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Serial.Journal"/>
	<meta name="DC.Type.articleType" content="Articles"/>
		<meta name="gs_meta_revision" content="1.1" />
	<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Ekspresi Seni"/>
	<meta name="citation_issn" content="2580-2208"/>
        <meta name="citation_author" content="Efrida Efrida"/>
        <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Institut Seni Indonesia Surakarta"/>
<meta name="citation_title" content="ESTETIKA MINANGKABAU DALAM GERAK TARI BUJANG SAMBILAN"/>

	<meta name="citation_date" content="2016/07/31"/>

	<meta name="citation_volume" content="18"/>
	<meta name="citation_issue" content="1"/>

			<meta name="citation_firstpage" content="62"/>
				<meta name="citation_lastpage" content="77"/>
													<meta name="citation_doi" content="10.26887/ekse.v18i1.84"/>
		<meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/article/view/84"/>
	<meta name="citation_language" content="en"/>
						<meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Bujang Sambilan"/>
								<meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Tari Mancak"/>
								<meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Silat"/>
									<meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/article/download/84/72"/>
				

	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/styles/pkp.css" type="text/css" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/styles/common.css" type="text/css" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/styles/common.css" type="text/css" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/styles/compiled.css" type="text/css" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/styles/articleView.css" type="text/css" />
	
	
	
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/styles/sidebar.css" type="text/css" />		<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/styles/rightSidebar.css" type="text/css" />	
			<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/plugins/blocks/languageToggle/styles/languageToggle.css" type="text/css" />
	
	<!-- Base Jquery -->
	<script type="text/javascript" src="//www.google.com/jsapi"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript">
		// Provide a local fallback if the CDN cannot be reached
		if (typeof google == 'undefined') {
			document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/jquery.min.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
			document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jqueryUi.min.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
		} else {
			google.load("jquery", "1.4.4");
			google.load("jqueryui", "1.8.6");
		}
	</script>
	
	<!-- Compiled scripts -->
			
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jquery.tag-it.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jquery.cookie.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/functions/fontController.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/functions/general.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/functions/jqueryValidatorI18n.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/classes/Helper.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/classes/ObjectProxy.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/classes/Handler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/classes/linkAction/LinkActionRequest.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/classes/features/Feature.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/SiteHandler.js"></script><!-- Included only for namespace definition -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/UrlInDivHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/AutocompleteHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/ExtrasOnDemandHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/form/FormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/form/AjaxFormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/form/ClientFormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/grid/GridHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/controllers/linkAction/LinkActionHandler.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/js/pages/search/SearchFormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/js/statistics/ReportGeneratorFormHandler.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/plugins/generic/lucene/js/LuceneAutocompleteHandler.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/lib/pkp/js/lib/jquery/plugins/jquery.pkp.js"></script>	
	
	<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Ekspresi Seni (atom+xml)" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/atom" />
	<link rel="alternate" type="application/rdf+xml" title="Ekspresi Seni (rdf+xml)" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/rss" />
	<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Ekspresi Seni (rss+xml)" href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/rss2" />
	<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/js/relatedItems.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/js/inlinePdf.js"></script>
	<script type="text/javascript" src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/js/pdfobject.js"></script>

</head>
<body id="pkp-common-openJournalSystems">

<div id="container">

<div id="header">
<div id="headerTitle">
<h1>
	Ekspresi Seni
</h1>
</div>
</div>

<div id="body">

	<div id="sidebar">
							<div id="rightSidebar">
				<div class="block" id="sidebarDevelopedBy">
	<a class="blockTitle" href="http://pkp.sfu.ca/ojs/" id="developedBy">Open Journal Systems</a>
</div><div class="block" id="sidebarHelp">
	<a class="blockTitle" href="javascript:openHelp('https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/help')">Journal Help</a>
</div><div class="block" id="sidebarUser">
			<span class="blockTitle">User</span>
	
												<form method="post" action="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/login/signIn">
					<table>
						<tr>
							<td><label for="sidebar-username">Username</label></td>
							<td><input type="text" id="sidebar-username" name="username" value="" size="12" maxlength="32" class="textField" /></td>
						</tr>
						<tr>
							<td><label for="sidebar-password">Password</label></td>
							<td><input type="password" id="sidebar-password" name="password" value="" size="12" class="textField" /></td>
						</tr>
						<tr>
							<td colspan="2"><input type="checkbox" id="remember" name="remember" value="1" /> <label for="remember">Remember me</label></td>
						</tr>
						<tr>
							<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Login" class="button" /></td>
						</tr>
					</table>
				</form>
						</div> <div class="block" id="notification">
	<span class="blockTitle">Notifications</span>
	<ul>
					<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/notification">View</a></li>
			<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/notification/subscribeMailList">Subscribe</a></li>
			</ul>
</div>
<div class="block custom" id="customblock-Statcounter">
	<!-- Start of StatCounter Code for Joomla -->
<script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[
var sc_project=11431536; 
var sc_invisible=0; 
var sc_security="9f39a979"; 
var scJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ?
"https://secure." : "http://www.");
document.write("<sc"+"ript type='text/javascript' src='" +
scJsHost+
"statcounter.com/counter/counter.js'></"+"script>");
// ]]></script>
<noscript><div class="statcounter"><a title="web statistics" href="http://statcounter.com/" target="_blank"><img class="statcounter" src="//c.statcounter.com/11431536/0/9f39a979/0/" alt="web statistics"></a></div></noscript><!-- End of StatCounter Code for Joomla -->
<p><a href="http://statcounter.com/p11431536/?guest=1">View My Stats</a></p>
</div>	
<div class="block" id="sidebarLanguageToggle">
	<script type="text/javascript">
		<!--
		function changeLanguage() {
			var e = document.getElementById('languageSelect');
			var new_locale = e.options[e.selectedIndex].value;

			var redirect_url = 'https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/user/setLocale/NEW_LOCALE?source=%2Findex.php%2FEkspresi%2Farticle%2Fview%2F84';
			redirect_url = redirect_url.replace("NEW_LOCALE", new_locale);

			window.location.href = redirect_url;
		}
		//-->
	</script>
	<span class="blockTitle">Language</span>
	<form action="#">
		<label for="languageSelect">Select Language</label>
		<select id="languageSelect" size="1" name="locale" class="selectMenu"><option label="Bahasa Indonesia" value="id_ID">Bahasa Indonesia</option>
<option label="English" value="en_US" selected="selected">English</option>
</select>
		<input type="submit" class="button" value="Submit" onclick="changeLanguage(); return false;" />
	</form>
</div>
<div class="block custom" id="customblock-TEMPLATE-DOWNLOAD">
	<p><span style="font-size: small;"><strong>TEMPLATE DOWNLOAD</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: small;"><strong></strong></span><a href="https://bit.ly/2xWIWoZ" target="_blank"><img src="/public/site/images/ekse/journal-template.png" alt="" /></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>	<div class="block custom" id="customblock-REFERENCE-MANAGEMEN-TOOLS">
	<h2><span style="font-size: small;">REFERENCE</span></h2>
<h2><span style="font-size: small;"> MANAGEMEN TOOLS</span></h2>
<p><a href="https://www.mendeley.com/download-mendeley-desktop/" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: small;"><img src="/public/site/images/ekse/logo.mendeley-resize_.png" alt="" width="195" height="48" /></span></a></p>
</div>	<div class="block custom" id="customblock-PLAGIARISM-CHECK">
	<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PLAGIARISM CHECK</strong></span></p>
<p><a href="https://www.grammarly.com/" target="_blank"><img src="/public/site/images/ekse/grammarly_kcl1.png" alt="" width="189" height="44" /></a></p>
</div>	<div class="block" id="sidebarNavigation">
	<span class="blockTitle">Journal Content</span>

	<form id="simpleSearchForm" action="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/search/search">
		<table id="simpleSearchInput">
			<tr>
				<td>
													<label for="simpleQuery">Search <br />
					<input type="text" id="simpleQuery" name="simpleQuery" size="15" maxlength="255" value="" class="textField" /></label>
								</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td><label for="searchField">
				Search Scope
				<br />
				<select id="searchField" name="searchField" size="1" class="selectMenu">
					<option label="All" value="query">All</option>
<option label="Authors" value="authors">Authors</option>
<option label="Title" value="title">Title</option>
<option label="Abstract" value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option label="Index terms" value="indexTerms">Index terms</option>
<option label="Full Text" value="galleyFullText">Full Text</option>

				</select></label>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td><input type="submit" value="Search" class="button" /></td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>

	<br />

		<span class="blockSubtitle">Browse</span>
	<ul>
		<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/issue/archive">By Issue</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/search/authors">By Author</a></li>
		<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/search/titles">By Title</a></li>
		
					<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/index">Other Journals</a></li>
						</ul>
	</div>

<!-- Add javascript required for font sizer -->
<script type="text/javascript">
	<!--
	$(function(){
		fontSize("#sizer", "body", 9, 16, 32, ""); // Initialize the font sizer
	});
	// -->
</script>

<div class="block" id="sidebarFontSize" style="margin-bottom: 4px;">
	<span class="blockTitle">Font Size</span>
	<div id="sizer"></div>
</div>
<br /><div class="block" id="sidebarInformation">
	<span class="blockTitle">Information</span>
	<ul>
		<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/information/readers">For Readers</a></li>		<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/information/authors">For Authors</a></li>		<li><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/information/librarians">For Librarians</a></li>	</ul>
</div>
<div class="block" id="sidebarWebFeed">
	<span class="blockTitle">Current Issue</span>
	<a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/atom">
	<img src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/plugins/generic/webFeed/templates/images/atom10_logo.gif" alt="Atom logo" border="0" /></a>
	<br />
	<a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/rss2">
	<img src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/plugins/generic/webFeed/templates/images/rss20_logo.gif" alt="RSS2 logo" border="0" /></a>
	<br />
	<a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/rss">
	<img src="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/plugins/generic/webFeed/templates/images/rss10_logo.gif" alt="RSS1 logo" border="0" /></a>
</div>
			</div>
			</div>

<div id="main">

<div id="navbar">
	<ul class="menu">
		<li id="home"><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/index">Home</a></li>
		<li id="about"><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/about">About</a></li>

					<li id="login"><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/login">Login</a></li>
							<li id="register"><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/user/register">Register</a></li>
												<li id="search"><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/search">Search</a></li>
		
					<li id="current"><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/issue/current">Current</a></li>
			<li id="archives"><a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/issue/archive">Archives</a></li>
		
				

								</ul>
</div>
<div id="breadcrumb">
	<a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/index" target="_parent">Home</a> &gt;
	<a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/issue/view/3" target="_parent">Vol 18, No 1 (2016)</a> &gt;	<a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/article/view/84/0" class="current" target="_parent">Efrida</a>
</div>

<div id="content">


	<div id="topBar">
					</div>
		
	<div id="articleTitle"><h3>ESTETIKA MINANGKABAU DALAM GERAK TARI BUJANG SAMBILAN</h3></div>
	<div id="authorString"><em>Efrida Efrida</em></div>
	<br />
			<div id="articleAbstract">
		<h4>Abstract</h4>
		<br />
		<div>Seni tari adalah ungkapan nilai. Sesuatu dikatakan bernilai karena berguna dalam kehidupan.Seni tari selalu menarik untuk dibicarakan bukan hanya keindahannya, melainkan karena hubungannya dengan kehidupan masyarakat tempat seni itu ada. Tari Bujang Sambilandi Minangkabau merupakan sarana untuk menghibur. Cerita yang disampaikan lebih mengarah pada cerita yang dimunculkan kemudian. Tari Bujang Sambilan merupakan pengembangan dari tari mancak yang dikenal masyarakat Minangkabau yang dikembangkan dari gerak silat Gunuang atau silat Tuo. Tari Bujang Sambilan memakai penari selalu genap dan dalam pengembangannya bisa berjumlah empat atau enam orang penari.<br /><br /></div>
		<br />
		</div>
	
			<div id="articleSubject">
		<h4>Keywords</h4>
		<br />
		<div>Bujang Sambilan; Tari Mancak; Silat</div>
		<br />
		</div>
	
				
			<div id="articleFullText">
		<h4>Full Text:</h4>
									<a href="https://journal.isi-padangpanjang.ac.id/index.php/Ekspresi/article/view/84/72" class="file" target="_parent">PDF</a>
														</div>
	
			<div id="articleCitations">
		<h4>References</h4>
		<br />
		<div>
							<p>Bastomi, Suwaji. 1992. Wawasan Seni. Semarang: IKIP Semarang</p>
							<p>Press.</p>
							<p>Cassirer, Ernst. 1987. Manusia dan Kebudayaan: sebuah Esai</p>
							<p>tentang Manusia. Trj. Alois A. Nugroho. Seri Filsafat Atma Jaya; 6. Jakarta: Gramedia.</p>
							<p>Djelantik, A.A.M. 1999. Estetika: Sebuah Pengantar. Bandung: Masyarakat Seni Pertunjukan Indonesia.</p>
							<p>Gie, The Liang. 1996. Filsafat Seni: Sebuah Pengantar. Yogyakarta: Pusat Belajar Ilmu Berguna.</p>
							<p>Holt, Claire. 2000. Melacak Jejak Perkembangan Seni di Indonesia. Terj. Prof. Dr. R.M. Soedarsono. Bandung: Masyarakat Seni Pertunjukan</p>
							<p>Indonesia. Hospers, John 1969. Introductory Readings in Aesthetics. New</p>
							<p>York: The Free Press.</p>
							<p>Rai S., I Wayan. 2001. “Rwa Bineda dalam Berkesenian Bali”. Jurnal Seni Budaya Mudra No. 11 Th. IX Agustus 2001. Denpasar: STSI.</p>
							<p>Sumardjo. Jakob. 2000. Filsafat Seni. Bandung: ITB.</p>
					</div>
		<br />
		</div>
	
												<br />
		<br />
		DOI: <a id="pub-id::doi" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.26887/ekse.v18i1.84">http://dx.doi.org/10.26887/ekse.v18i1.84</a>																																						

<div class="separator"></div>

<h3>Refbacks</h3>

<ul>
				<li>There are currently no refbacks.</li>
	</ul>


		
<!-- Google Analytics -->

<script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');

ga('create', 'UA-105293375-1', 'auto');
ga('send', 'pageview');

</script>

<!-- End Google Analytics -->
<br /><br />
<p><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="" /><br /> This work is licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.</p><p> </p><p><a href="http://statcounter.com/p11431536/?guest=1">View My Stats</a></p>
</div><!-- content -->
</div><!-- main -->
</div><!-- body -->



</div> <!-- container -->
</body>
</html>